The Indian Marine Commandos (MARCOS), an elite special operations force of the Indian Navy, embody stealth, precision, and unyielding bravery. Established in February 1987, MARCOS specialize in maritime operations, raids, reconnaissance, and counter-terrorism, earning the moniker “Magarmach” (The Crocodiles) for their deadly efficiency in water.
The vision for MARCOS began in April 1986 when the Indian Navy identified the need for a specialized unit to undertake challenging maritime missions. Volunteer officers were sent to train with the US Navy SEALs and the UK’s Special Boat Service, culminating in the formation of the Indian Marine Special Force (IMSF) at INS Abhimanyu in Mumbai. By 2016, INS Karna in Visakhapatnam was established as the permanent base for this elite force, underscoring its growing importance in India’s defense strategy.
Just a while back, we had also written about how Gorkha Regiment was formed. We have mentioned all the details about it. You can read it as well.
MARCOS: Selection and training
To join the ranks of MARCOS, aspirants must already serve in the Indian Navy before undergoing a grueling selection process. The journey begins with an initial aptitude test, followed by a pre-selection phase designed to test physical and mental endurance. Activities include long-distance swimming, running, bridge jumps, and rigorous underwater exercises such as the 10-meter tank test. Candidates also endure the infamous “Hell Week,” marked by near-continuous physical and mental challenges with minimal rest.
Medical examinations further narrow the pool, with joint flexibility and overall physical health being meticulously assessed. Training incorporates elements from the US Navy SEALs, blending sea-based exercises with land and air drills. The 80-hour test and final physical and mental evaluations determine the few who survive to take the oath of service. This solemn moment, involving a blood sacrifice, signifies a lifelong commitment to serve across water, sky, and land. The dropout rate remains exceedingly high, reflecting the unit’s uncompromising standards.
Operations and engagements
Over the decades, MARCOS has been pivotal in some of India’s most critical operations:
- Operation Pawan (1987): In Sri Lanka, MARCOS swam 12 kilometers to rig explosives in a harbor, engaging in combat without casualties. Lt. Aravind Singh received the Maha Vir Chakra for his bravery.
- Operation Cactus (1988): They played a supporting role in foiling a coup attempt in the Maldives.
- Operation Tasha (1991): MARCOS secured Tamil Nadu’s coastline to counter LTTE activities.
- Operation Zabardust (1992): They intercepted an LTTE vessel smuggling arms.
- UNOSOM II (1993): MARCOS supported maritime operations during the Somalia conflict.
- Operation Rakshak: Their counter-insurgency efforts in Jammu and Kashmir’s Wular Lake and Jhelum River involved operating in disguise, akin to Israeli undercover units.
- Kargil War (1999): MARCOS worked alongside the Indian Army, contributing significantly to the conflict.
- Operation Rahat (2015): They rescued civilians from war-torn Yemen.
- Operation Black Tornado (2008): MARCOS stormed the Trident and Taj Hotels during the Mumbai attacks, showcasing exceptional close-quarters combat skills.
- Anti-Piracy Operations (2008-2024): MARCOS thwarted numerous pirate attacks in the Gulf of Aden and the Arabian Sea, including the high-profile rescues of MV Jag Arnav and MV Genco Picardy.
- Rescue of Sheikha Latifa (2018): MARCOS played a key role in intercepting the Dubai princess’ escape attempt.
- China-India Skirmishes (2020): Deployed in Eastern Ladakh near Pangong Tso Lake, MARCOS reinforced India’s strategic presence during heightened tensions.
Capabilities and equipment
MARCOS operates with cutting-edge technology and weaponry:
- Integrated Combat System (ICS): Enhancements include lightweight helmets, head-mounted displays, ballistic vests, long-range thermal imagers, and advanced communication systems.
- Firearms:
- Pistols: Glock, IWI Jericho 941, Beretta 92FS.
- Sub-machine guns: Heckler & Koch MP5, Uzi.
- Assault rifles: AK-103, IWI Tavor series, M4 carbine.
- Sniper rifles: Heckler & Koch PSG1, VSS Vintorez.
- Light machine guns: IWI Negev NG-7.
- Support Weapons: Grenade launchers, recoilless rifles, and anti-tank systems.
- Transport: HAL Dhruv helicopters, swimmer delivery vehicles, and ATVs, with plans for midget submarines.
MARCOS: Notable incidents
The 26/11 Mumbai attacks stand as a testament to MARCOS’ heroism. One operator vividly recalled close-quarters combat at the Taj Hotel, sustaining severe injuries, including collapsed lungs, yet managing to neutralize terrorists and rescue hostages. Despite months of recovery and intensive care, his resolve to serve the nation remained unshaken, symbolizing the indomitable spirit of MARCOS.
Joint exercises and international cooperation
MARCOS actively participates in joint training exercises with global special forces, particularly the US Navy SEALs. These collaborations include aerial sniper training, demolition drills, medical evacuation, and fast rope exercises, fostering interoperability and enhancing operational efficiency.
Operating from naval bases in Mumbai, Visakhapatnam, Goa, Kochi, and Port Blair, MARCOS is structured for rapid deployment. INS Karna in Visakhapatnam serves as the unit’s permanent headquarters, with smaller units, known as Prahars, comprising eight commandos each.
Nothing but respect
The Indian Marine Commandos exemplify the highest standards of courage and professionalism. As an elite force, they play a critical role in safeguarding India’s maritime and national security interests. Constantly evolving and equipped with state-of-the-art capabilities, MARCOS remains an enduring symbol of “The Few, The Fearless.” Their legacy of heroism and dedication reinforces their place as one of the world’s premier special forces.
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